Protocols are sets of rules and conventions that enable communication and data exchange between devices or systems. Different types of protocols exist to facilitate various types of communication and networking requirements. Here are some common types of protocols:
HTTP -> Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTPS -> Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
FTP -> File Transfer Protocol
SMTP -> Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
NNTP -> Network News Transfer Protocol
Important Port Numbers: Network ports are provided by the TCP or UDP protocols at the Transport layer. They are used by protocols in the upper layers of the OSI model. Port numbers are used to determine what protocol incoming traffic should be directed to
Port Name | Port Number | Port Name | Port Number |
HTTP | 80 | Telnet | 23 |
HTTPS | 443 | DNS | 53 |
SMTP | 25 | DHEP | 67 |
FTP | 21 | LDAP | 389 |
NNTP | 119 | Oracle Database | 1521 |
SSH/FTTPS | 22 | SQL Server | 1433 |
RDP | 3389 | DHCP | 68 |
If you want to learn more about PROTOCOLS?
1. Internet Protocols:
- TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): The fundamental protocol suite for internet communication and data exchange.
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Used for communication between web browsers and web servers, enabling the retrieval and display of web pages.
- HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure): Similar to HTTP but encrypted to ensure secure communication between web browsers and servers.
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files between a client and server over a network.
- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Facilitates the sending and receiving of email messages between email servers.
- POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3): Used by email clients to retrieve email messages from an email server.
- IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol): Allows email clients to access and manage email messages stored on a mail server.
2. Network Protocols:
- Ethernet: A widely used wired network protocol for local area networks (LANs).
- Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11): A set of wireless network protocols for wireless local area networks (WLANs).
- IP (Internet Protocol): Part of the TCP/IP suite, it facilitates the routing of data packets across the internet and other IP-based networks.
- ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): Used for error reporting and diagnostics in IP networks.
- ARP (Address Resolution Protocol): Maps IP addresses to MAC addresses for communication on local networks.
- DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): Automatically assigns IP addresses and network configuration to devices on a network.
3. Security Protocols:
- SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security): Protocols used to establish secure encrypted connections between clients and servers.
- IPSec (Internet Protocol Security): Provides secure communication and data integrity for IP-based networks.
- SSH (Secure Shell): A protocol used for secure remote login and data exchange.
4. Application Layer Protocols:
- DNS (Domain Name System): Translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses to locate resources on the internet.
- SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): Monitors and manages network devices and systems.
- NTP (Network Time Protocol): Synchronizes clocks between computer systems on a network.
- SMB (Server Message Block): Used for sharing files, printers, and other resources between devices in a Windows-based network.